Browsing by FAS Department "Human Evolutionary Biology"
Now showing items 1-20 of 182
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The 10kTrees Website: A New Online Resource for Primate Phylogeny
(John Wiley & Sons, 2010)The comparative method plays a central role in efforts to uncover the adaptive basis for primate behaviors, morphological traits, and cognitive abilities.[1-4] The comparative method has been used, for example, to infer ... -
17-beta-Estradiol in relation to age at menarche and adult obesity in premenopausal women
(Oxford University Press, 2007)BACKGROUND: We hypothesize that premenopausal endogenous estradiol may be associated with age at menarche and adult overweight and obesity, potentially contributing to breast cancer risk. METHODS: We assessed age at menarche ... -
17β-Estradiol Levels During An Entire Menstrual Cycle In Response To Adult Stature and Insulin, Of Possible Importance For Breast Cancer Risk: The EBBA-I study.
(American Association for Cancer Research, 2009)Background: The normal breast cells develop into malignant cells as a result of a complex interplay between genetic, environmental, nutritional and hormonal factors. Attained adult stature and insulin levels, risk factors ... -
Analyses Do Not Support CYP17 Genotype-Estradiol Associations--In Response
(American Association for Cancer Research, 2008)In Response: Vitzthum and Thornburg’s comments seem to reflect a basic misunderstanding of our paper and its results. As noted in the title of the article, we document an association between CYP17 genotypes and salivary ... -
An Anatomical and Biomechanical Study of the Human Iliotibial Band's Role in Elastic Energy Storage
(2014-06-06)The iliotibial band (ITB) is a complex structure that is unique to humans among apes and is derived from the fascia lata (FL) of the thigh. Although the ITB evolved in the hominin lineage, it is unclear whether it evolved ... -
Androgen Exposure and Sensation-Seeking in Young Males
(John Wiley & Sons, 2008)Testosterone is thought to be associated with short attention spans, increased novelty, and thrill seeking and behavioral disinhibition in men. However, there is little empirical evidence for such associations among normal ... -
Androgen Receptor CAG Repeats and Body Composition Among Ariaal Men
(Blackwell Publishing, 2007)To determine the population variation in the androgen receptor (AR) and its association with body composition in a subsistence population, we sampled 87 settled and 65 nomadic males ages 20+ among the Ariaal of northern ... -
Assessing the psychological health of captive and wild apes: A response to Ferdowsian et al. (2011).
(American Psychological Association (APA), 2013)As many studies of cognition and behavior involve captive animals, assessing any psychological impact of captive conditions is an important goal for comparative researchers. Ferdowsian and colleagues (2011) sought to address ... -
Automated Classification of Starch Granules Using Supervised Pattern Recognition of Morphological Properties
(Elsevier, 2010)Image analysis techniques have been used to investigate the likelihood of being able to classify and assign a probability regarding the plant origin of individual starch granules in a collection of granules. Quantifiable ... -
Beauty: In the gonads of the beholder — and the beheld
(Elsevier Science B.V., 2008) -
Behavioral Correlates of Parasite Risk Among Humans, Primates, and Other Mammals: Social Contact, Exploratory Tendency, and the Foundations of Culture
(2017-05-13)Social learning and innovation are the behavioral processes that together create the emergent phenomenon of culture, which allows organisms to behaviorally adapt to and thrive in new environments. However, these processes ... -
The biomechanics and evolution of impact resistance in human walking and running
(2016-01-12)How do humans generate and resist repetitive impact forces beneath the heel during walking and heel strike running? Due to the evolution of long day ranges and larger body sizes in the hominin lineage modern human ... -
Body fat, energy balance and estradiol levels: a study based on hormonal profiles from complete menstrual cycles
(Oxford University Press, 2008)BACKGROUND: Female fecundity is regulated by nutritional status. Although widely cited, this hypothesis is not strongly supported by empirical data from non-obese, healthy women of reproductive age. METHODS: Healthy, ... -
Bonobos Exhibit Delayed Development of Social Behavior and Cognition Relative to Chimpanzees
(Elsevier, 2010)Phenotypic changes between species can occur when evolution shapes development. Here, we tested whether differences in the social behavior and cognition of bonobos and chimpanzees derive from shifts in their ontogeny, ... -
The brachymorph mouse and human evolution
(John Wiley & Sons, 2005)The degree to which evolutionary change in the cranial base was an integrative influence on other aspects of craniofacial evolution in hominids is a subject of much debate. Using a mouse model, we test the hypothesis that ... -
Brief communication: Contributions of enamel-dentine junction shape and enamel deposition to primate molar crown complexity
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2010)Molar crown morphology varies among primates from relatively simple in some taxa to more complex in others, with such variability having both functional and taxonomic significance. In addition to the primary cusps, crown ... -
Chimpanzee Violence is a Serious Topic. A Response to Sussman and Marshack's Critique of Demonic Males: Apes and the Origins of Human Violence
(Center for Global Nonkilling, 2010)Sussman and Marshack criticize Demonic Males as being wrong in its generalizations about chimpanzee behavior, and flawed in its theoretical interpretations. I show that studies of chimpanzees conducted since Demonic Males ... -
Chronology of Linear Enamel Hypoplasia Formation in the Krapina Neanderthals
(PaleoAnthropology Society, 2014)During childhood, systemic physiological stresses such as illness, disease, and malnutrition can disrupt the growth of dental enamel. These disruptions are often recorded in the form of linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH). Many ... -
Coincident Tick Infestations in the Nostrils of Wild Chimpanzees and a Human in Uganda
(American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2013)Ticks in the nostrils of humans visiting equatorial African forests have been reported sporadically for decades, but their taxonomy and natural history have remained obscure. We report human infestation with a nostril tick ... -
Community Structure and the Spread of Infectious Disease in Primate Social Networks
(Springer Netherlands, 2011)Living in a large social group is thought to increase disease risk in wild animal populations, but comparative studies have provided mixed support for this prediction. Here, we take a social network perspective to investigate ...