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Is there a relation between onset age of bilingualism and enhancement of cognitive control?
(Cambridge University Press, 2011)
Young English-speaking monolingual and bilingual adults were examined for English proficiency, language use history, and performance on a flanker task. The bilinguals, who were about twenty years old, were divided into two ...
Common and distinct cognitive bases for reading in English–Cantonese bilinguals
(Cambridge University Press, 2008)
The study explores the relationship between phonological awareness and early reading for bilingual children learning to read in two languages that use different writing systems. Participants were 57 Cantonese–English ...
Cognitive control for language switching in bilinguals: A quantitative meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies
(Informa UK Limited, 2012)
In a quantitative meta-analysis, using the activation likelihood estimation method, we examined the neural regions involved in bilingual cognitive control, particularly when engaging in switching between languages. The ...
Bilingualism is not a categorical variable: Interaction between language proficiency and usage
(Informa UK Limited, 2013)
Bilingual experience is dynamic and poses a challenge for researchers to develop instruments that capture its relevant dimensions. The present study examined responses from a questionnaire administered to 110 heterogeneous ...
How iconic are Chinese characters?
(Cambridge University Press, 1999)
The study explores the notion that some Chinese characters contain pictorial indications of meanings that can be used to help retrieve the referent. Thirty adults with no prior knowledge of Chinese guessed the meanings of ...
Receptive vocabulary differences in monolingual and bilingual adults
(Cambridge University Press, 2012)
English receptive vocabulary scores from 797 monolingual and 808 bilingual participants between the ages of 17 and 89 years old were aggregated from 20 studies to compare standard scores across language groups. The ...
The universality of symbolic representation for reading in Asian and alphabetic languages
(Cambridge University Press, 2007)
Neuroimaging studies of reading have identified unique patterns of activation for individuals reading in alphabetic and Asian languages, suggesting the involvement of different processes in each. The present study investigates ...
Receptive vocabulary differences in monolingual and bilingual children
(Cambridge University Press, 2010)
Studies often report that bilingual participants possess a smaller vocabulary in the language of testing than monolinguals, especially in research with children. However, each study is based on a small sample so it is ...
Lifelong Bilingualism Maintains White Matter Integrity in Older Adults
(Society for Neuroscience, 2011)
Previous research has shown that bilingual speakers have higher levels of cognitive control than comparable monolinguals, especially at older ages. The present study investigates a possible neural correlate of this behavioral ...
The Source of Enhanced Cognitive Control in Bilinguals: Evidence From Bimodal Bilinguals
(Sage Publications, 2008)
Bilinguals often outperform monolinguals on nonverbal tasks that require resolving conflict from competing alternatives. The regular need to select a target language is argued to enhance executive control. We investigated ...