dc.contributor.author | Buchhave, Lars A. | |
dc.contributor.author | Dressing, Courtney D. | |
dc.contributor.author | Dumusque, Xavier | |
dc.contributor.author | Rice, Ken | |
dc.contributor.author | Vanderburg, Andrew Michael | |
dc.contributor.author | Mortier, Annelies | |
dc.contributor.author | Lopez-Morales, Mercedes | |
dc.contributor.author | Lopez, Eric | |
dc.contributor.author | Lundkvist, Mia S. | |
dc.contributor.author | Kjeldsen, Hans | |
dc.contributor.author | Affer, Laura | |
dc.contributor.author | Bonomo, Aldo S. | |
dc.contributor.author | Charbonneau, David | |
dc.contributor.author | Cameron, Andrew Collier | |
dc.contributor.author | Cosentino, Rosario | |
dc.contributor.author | Figueira, Pedro | |
dc.contributor.author | Fiorenzano, Aldo F. M. | |
dc.contributor.author | Harutyunyan, Avet | |
dc.contributor.author | Haywood, Raphaelle D. | |
dc.contributor.author | Johnson, John Asher | |
dc.contributor.author | Latham, David Winslow | |
dc.contributor.author | Lovis, Christophe | |
dc.contributor.author | Malavolta, Luca | |
dc.contributor.author | Mayor, Michel | |
dc.contributor.author | Micela, Giusi | |
dc.contributor.author | Molinari, Emilio | |
dc.contributor.author | Motalebi, Fatemeh | |
dc.contributor.author | Nascimbeni, Valerio | |
dc.contributor.author | Pepe, Francesco | |
dc.contributor.author | Phillips, David F. | |
dc.contributor.author | Piotto, Giampaolo | |
dc.contributor.author | Pollacco, Don | |
dc.contributor.author | Queloz, Didier | |
dc.contributor.author | Sasselov, Dimitar D. | |
dc.contributor.author | Ségransan, Damien | |
dc.contributor.author | Sozzetti, Alessandro | |
dc.contributor.author | Udry, Stéphane | |
dc.contributor.author | Watson, Chris | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2017-02-22T20:31:23Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2016 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Buchhave, Lars A., Courtney D. Dressing, Xavier Dumusque, Ken Rice, Andrew Vanderburg, Annelies Mortier, Mercedes Lopez-Morales, et al. 2016. A 1.9 Earth Radius Rocky Planet and the Discovery of a Non-Transiting Planet in the Kepler-20 System. The Astronomical Journal 152, no. 6: 160. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/160. | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1538-3881 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:30410817 | |
dc.description.abstract | Kepler-20 is a solar-type star (V = 12.5) hosting a compact system of five transiting planets, all packed within the orbital distance of Mercury in our own solar system. A transition from rocky to gaseous planets with a planetary transition radius of ~1.6 ${R}_{\oplus }$ has recently been proposed by several articles in the literature. Kepler-20b (${R}_{p}$ ~ 1.9 ${R}_{\oplus }$) has a size beyond this transition radius; however, previous mass measurements were not sufficiently precise to allow definite conclusions to be drawn regarding its composition. We present new mass measurements of three of the planets in the Kepler-20 system that are facilitated by 104 radial velocity measurements from the HARPS-N spectrograph and 30 archival Keck/HIRES observations, as well as an updated photometric analysis of the Kepler data and an asteroseismic analysis of the host star (${M}_{\star }$ = $0.948\pm 0.051$ ${M}_{\odot }$ and ${R}_{\star }$ = $0.964\pm 0.018$ ${R}_{\odot }$). Kepler-20b is a ${1.868}_{-0.034}^{+0.066}$ ${R}_{\oplus }$ planet in a 3.7 day period with a mass of ${9.70}_{-1.44}^{+1.41}$ ${M}_{\oplus }$, resulting in a mean density of ${8.2}_{-1.3}^{+1.5}$ ${\rm{g}}\,{\mathrm{cm}}^{-3}$, indicating a rocky composition with an iron-to-silicate ratio consistent with that of the Earth. This makes Kepler-20b the most massive planet with a rocky composition found to date. Furthermore, we report the discovery of an additional non-transiting planet with a minimum mass of ${19.96}_{-3.61}^{+3.08}$ ${M}_{\oplus }$ and an orbital period of ~34 days in the gap between Kepler-20f (P ~ 11 days) and Kepler-20d (P ~ 78 days). | en_US |
dc.description.sponsorship | Astronomy | en_US |
dc.language.iso | en_US | en_US |
dc.publisher | American Astronomical Society | en_US |
dc.relation.isversionof | doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/160 | en_US |
dc.relation.hasversion | https://arxiv.org/pdf/1608.06836.pdf | en_US |
dash.license | OAP | |
dc.subject | planetary systems | en_US |
dc.subject | planets and satellites: composition | en_US |
dc.subject | stars: individual (Kepler-20 = KOI-70, KIC 6850504 | en_US |
dc.subject | techniques: radial velocities | en_US |
dc.title | A 1.9 Earth Radius Rocky Planet and the Discovery of a Non-Transiting Planet in the Kepler-20 System | en_US |
dc.type | Journal Article | en_US |
dc.description.version | Accepted Manuscript | en_US |
dc.relation.journal | The Astronomical Journal | en_US |
dash.depositing.author | Charbonneau, David | |
dc.date.available | 2017-02-22T20:31:23Z | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/160 | * |
dash.authorsordered | false | |
dash.contributor.affiliated | Vanderburg, Andrew | |
dash.contributor.affiliated | Haywood, Raphaelle | |
dash.contributor.affiliated | Phillips, David | |
dash.contributor.affiliated | Johnson, John | |
dash.contributor.affiliated | Sasselov, Dimitar | |
dash.contributor.affiliated | Latham, David | |
dash.contributor.affiliated | Charbonneau, David | |