Urban and rural prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes and risk factors associated with diabetes in Tanzania and Uganda
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Author
Chiwanga, Faraja S.
Njelekela, Marina A.
Diamond, Megan B.
Bajunirwe, Francis
Guwatudde, David
Nankya-Mutyoba, Joan
Kalyesubula, Robert
Adebamowo, Clement
Ajayi, IkeOluwapo
Reid, Todd G.
Volmink, Jimmy
Laurence, Carien
Note: Order does not necessarily reflect citation order of authors.
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https://doi.org/10.3402/gha.v9.31440Metadata
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Chiwanga, F. S., M. A. Njelekela, M. B. Diamond, F. Bajunirwe, D. Guwatudde, J. Nankya-Mutyoba, R. Kalyesubula, et al. 2016. “Urban and rural prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes and risk factors associated with diabetes in Tanzania and Uganda.” Global Health Action 9 (1): 10.3402/gha.v9.31440. doi:10.3402/gha.v9.31440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/gha.v9.31440.Abstract
Background: The increase in prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa underlines the importance of understanding its magnitude and causes in different population groups. We analyzed data from the Africa/Harvard Partnership for Cohort Research and Training (PaCT) studies to determine the prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes and risk factors associated with diabetes. Methodology Participants were randomly selected from peri-urban (n=297) and rural (n=200) communities in Uganda, and teachers were recruited from schools (n=229) in urban Tanzania. We used a standardized questionnaire to collect socio-demographic and self-reported disease status including diabetes status. Blood glucose was also measured after participants fasted for 8 h. We used standard protocols for anthropometric and blood pressure measurement. Results: The overall prevalence of diabetes was 10.1% and was highest in rural Ugandan residents (16.1%) compared to teachers in Tanzania (8.3%) and peri-urban Ugandan residents (7.6%). The prevalence of pre-diabetes was 13.8%. The prevalence of self-reported diabetes was low across all sites, where 68% of participants with diabetes were not captured by self-report. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, family history (OR 2.5, 95% CI: 1.1, 5.6) and hypertension (OR 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1, 5.2) were significantly associated with diabetes. Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in Uganda and Tanzania is high, differs markedly between population groups, and remains undiagnosed in an alarmingly high proportion of individuals. These findings highlight the need for large-scale, prospective studies to accurately quantify the burden and identify effective intervention and treatment strategies across diverse African populations.Other Sources
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4879179/pdf/Terms of Use
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